Application of Memory Techniques in Learning

The process of how the brain retains and retrieves information has long been a hot topic of discussion and debate. However, one of the common denominators that has been agreed upon is the belief that by means of the process of repetition the brain stores information from memory into learning. For example, one may look up a telephone number and remember it long enough to dial it and then the information is lost. Although the number was memorized long enough to make the call, without repetition and use the number will be forgotten. With this in mind, teachers can incorporate a variety of memory techniques into their teaching strategies in order to ensure successful learning outcomes. The following is a list of suggested ways for teachers to help students develop a more efficient and effective memory.

1. Give directions in multiple formats such as visual and verbal formats. Also, encourage the student to repeat the directions given and offer examples of what needs to be done (Thorne, n.d.).
2. Teach students to "over-learn" new material. Explain that he or she needs to be able to perform several (not just one) error-free repetitions of the material being learned (Thorne, n.d.).
3. Teach students to use visual images, as well as other memory strategies such as word substitution. For example, having the student visualize walking through an art museum and seeing a painting of a brain with big bulging eyes in order to remember the word occipital - the region of the brain that controls vision (Thorne, n.d.).
4. Reinforce class lectures and oral directions by providing the student with teacher-prepared handouts. These will help the student to organize and identify the information which was presented during the lectures (Thorne, n.d.).
5. In order to enhance short-term and working memory, have students underline, highlight, and jot key words down in the margin when reading. In order to consolidate the information into long-term memory, have the student make outlines or use graphic organizers for the information (Thorne, n.d.).
6. Encourage students to review material being studied right before going to sleep at night. "Research has shown that information studied this way is better remembered" (Thorne, n.d., p. 1).

The following is a quote that I believe sums up the importance of memory techniques and the importance of these teaching strategies:

"We remember what we understand; we understand only what we pay attention to; we pay attention to what we want. - Edward Bolles" (Bucks County Community
College, 1999, p. 1).

In addition to these strategies, there are numerous online memory games that can be practiced and incorporated into teaching strategies in order to improve memory. Memory games are an entertaining and enriching way to train one to focus his or her attention and make note of details and relationships. Please visit the online game websites that I have included in the related links section. I found them very interesting, relaxing, entertaining, and helpful.

References

Bucks County Community College (1995). The basics of effective learning: Memory and the importance of review. Retrieved from http://www.bucks.edu/~specpop/memory.htm

Thorne, G. (n.d.). 10 strategies to enhance students' memory. Retrieved from http://www.cdl.org/resource-library/articles/memory_strategies_May06.php